Publication date: Jul 11, 2023
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the epidemiology of post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) in Mexico during 2022 and identify potential predictors of PASC prevalence using nationally representative data. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2022 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) totaling 24,434 participants, representing 85,521,661 adults [≥]20 years. PASC was defined using both the World Health Organization definition and a PASC score [≥]12. Estimates of PASC prevalence were stratified by age, sex, rural vs. urban setting, social lag quartiles, number of reinfections, vaccination status and by periods of predominance of SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants. Predictors of PASC were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted by survey weights. RESULTS: Persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported by 12.44% (95%CI 11.89-12.99) of adults [≥]20 years in Mexico during 2022. The most common persistent symptoms were musculoskeletal pain, headache, cough, loss of smell or taste, fever, post-exertional malaise, brain fog, anxiety, chest pain, and sleep disorders. PASC was present in 21.21% (95%CI 7.71-9.65) subjects with previously diagnosed COVID-19. Over 28.6% patients with PASC reported symptoms persistence [≥]6 months and 14.05% reported incapacitating symptoms. Higher PASC prevalence was associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfections, depressive symptoms and living in states with high social lag. PASC prevalence, particularly its more severe forms, decreased with COVID-19 vaccination and for infections during periods of Omicron variant predominance. CONCLUSIONS: PASC implies a significant public health burden in Mexico as the COVID-19 pandemic transitions into endemicity. Promoting reinfection prevention and booster vaccination may be useful to reduce PASC burden.
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Diabetes | Adults |
| Martnez12 | Ci |
| Mexican | Cov |
| Socioeconomic | Covid |
| Individuals | |
| Infection | |
| Medrxiv | |
| Mexico | |
| Pasc | |
| Persistent | |
| Post | |
| Preprint | |
| Prevalence | |
| Sars | |
| Symptoms |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| disease | MESH | sequelae |
| disease | MESH | SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| pathway | REACTOME | SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| disease | IDO | infection |
| disease | VO | organization |
| disease | MESH | reinfections |
| disease | VO | vaccination |
| disease | MESH | musculoskeletal pain |
| disease | MESH | headache cough |
| disease | MESH | chest pain |
| disease | MESH | sleep disorders |
| disease | MESH | infections |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| disease | IDO | symptom |
| disease | MESH | morbidity |
| disease | IDO | intervention |
| disease | VO | population |
| disease | MESH | nutritional status |
| disease | IDO | blood |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Dextrose unspecified form |
| disease | IDO | assay |
| disease | VO | report |
| disease | MESH | weight loss |
| disease | MESH | joint pain |
| disease | MESH | abnormal movements |
| disease | MESH | hypertension |
| disease | VO | vaccinated |
| disease | VO | vaccine |
| disease | IDO | quality |
| disease | VO | frequency |
| disease | IDO | geographical region |
| disease | IDO | process |
| disease | VO | dose |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate |