Publication date: May 09, 2024
The long-term impact of initial immunogenicity induced by different primary COVID-19 vaccine series remains unclear. A prospective cohort study was conducted at 10 tertiary hospitals in Korea from March 2021 to September 2022. Immunogenicity assessments included anti-spike protein antibody (Sab), SARS-CoV-2-specific interferon-gamma releasing assay (IGRA), and multiplex cytokine assays for spike protein-stimulated plasma. Spike proteins derived from wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and alpha variant (Spike) and beta and gamma variant (Spike) were utilized. A total of 235 healthcare workers who had received a two-dose primary vaccine series of either ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2, followed by a third booster dose of BNT162b2 (166 in the ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 (CCB) group and 69 in the BNT162b2/BNT162b2/BNT162b2 (BBB) group, based on the vaccine series) were included. Following the primary vaccine series, the BBB group exhibited significantly higher increases in Sab levels, IGRA responses, and multiple cytokines (CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, interleukin (IL)-1ra, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) compared to the CCB group (all P
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Bnt162b2 | Breakthrough infection |
| Korea | COVID-19 |
| September | Cytokine |
| Vaccines | Interferon-gamma releasing assay |
| Workers | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Vaccine |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | VO | vaccination |
| disease | MESH | breakthrough infection |
| disease | VO | COVID-19 vaccine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Dihydrotachysterol |
| disease | IDO | assay |
| disease | VO | dose |
| disease | VO | vaccine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Binetrakin |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Interleukin-10 |
| disease | MESH | Breakthrough infection COVID-19 |