Publication date: Aug 01, 2024
Elucidating whether prior dengue potentially confers cross-protection against COVID-19 is of public health importance in tropical countries at risk of overlapping dengue and COVID-19 epidemics. However, studies to date have yielded conflicting results. We aimed to assess effects of recent prior dengue infection on risk and severity of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection among adult Singaporeans. A retrospective cohort study including all adult Singaporeans aged ≥18 years was conducted from 1 July 2021 through 31 October 2022, when a dengue outbreak driven by the DENV3 serotype preceded subsequent waves of SARS-CoV-2 Delta/Omicron transmission in Singapore. SARS-CoV-2 and dengue infection status were classified using national registries. Cox regression models adjusted for demographics, COVID-19 vaccination status, comorbidity, and socioeconomic-status were used to assess risks and severity (hospitalization, severe illness) of SARS-CoV-2 infection occurring after previous recorded dengue infection. A total of 3 366 399 individuals were included, contributing 1 399 696 530 person-days of observation. A total of 13 434 dengue infections and 1 253 520 subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infections were recorded; with an average of 94. 7 days (standard deviation = 83. 8) between dengue infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Preceding dengue infection was associated with a modest increase in risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 1. 13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1. 08-1. 17), and significantly elevated risk of subsequent COVID-19 hospitalization (aHR = 3. 25; 95% CI, 2. 78-3. 82) and severe COVID-19 (aHR = 3. 39; 95% CI, 2. 29-5. 03). Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse COVID-19 outcomes were observed following preceding dengue infection in a national population-based cohort of adult Singaporeans. This observation is of significance in tropical countries with overlapping dengue and COVID-19 outbreaks.
Open Access PDF
Concepts | Keywords |
---|---|
Dengue | COVID-19 |
Hospitalization | dengue |
July | Omicron |
Models | SARS-CoV-2 |
vaccination |
Semantics
Type | Source | Name |
---|---|---|
disease | MESH | Dengue |
disease | MESH | Infection |
disease | MESH | SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
pathway | REACTOME | SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
disease | VO | vaccination |
disease | MESH | comorbidity |
disease | VO | population |
drug | DRUGBANK | Troleandomycin |
disease | MESH | Infectious Diseases |
drug | DRUGBANK | Methylphenidate |
drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
disease | VO | Optaflu |
disease | MESH | vaccine breakthrough infections |
disease | VO | vaccinated |
disease | VO | dose |
disease | VO | vaccine |
disease | IDO | symptom |
disease | IDO | assay |
disease | IDO | history |
disease | MESH | reinfection |
disease | MESH | coinfection |