Detailed tracking of antigen and antibody levels during coronavirus disease 2019 treatment in an immunosuppressed patient with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis.

Publication date: Sep 01, 2024

A 67-year-old woman with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis was not vaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was on multiple immunosuppressive drugs. She was hospitalized because of interstitial shadowing in the lungs and diagnosed with persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite treatment with a recombinant monoclonal antibody and antivirals, her symptoms persisted and she lacked a specific antibody response. She tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 antigen after the second antiviral treatment, and a subsequent chest radiograph showed improvement. However, the antibody levels did not change. This case highlights the importance of careful monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen and antibody levels during COVID-19 treatment in patients with immunosuppression.

Concepts Keywords
Coronavirus Aged
Cytoplasmic Antibodies, Viral
Immunosuppressive Antibodies, Viral
Old Antigens, Viral
Woman Antigens, Viral
Antiviral Agents
Antiviral Agents
Coronavirus disease 2019
COVID-19
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Female
Humans
Immunocompromised Host
Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunosuppressive Agents
Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 antibody
SARS-CoV-2 antigen
sotrovimab

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH coronavirus disease 2019
disease MESH vasculitis
disease VO vaccinated
disease VO Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
disease IDO immunosuppression
disease MESH Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
disease MESH Immunocompromised Host
drug DRUGBANK Ritonavir

Original Article

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