Epidemiology of latent tuberculosis and associated risk factors in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Publication date: Apr 01, 2025

To investigate the epidemiology of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and associated risk factors among adults in Al-Madinah, KSA, and to identify vulnerable populations for targeted interventions. This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Al-Madinah, from January 2021 to December 2022. Participants aged >14 years were screened for LTBI using the QuantiFERON(R)-TB Gold In-Tube test. People with active tuberculosis were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with LTBI. In total, 773 participants were included and 291 (37. 6 %) tested positive for LTBI. Multivariate analysis identified greater age, male sex, diabetes mellitus, and connective tissue disorders as significant risk factors for LTBI. Non-Saudi nationality was associated with higher odds of LTBI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3. 86; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI), 1. 80-8. 27), whereas the risk was lower for Saudi nationals (aOR, 0. 34; 95 % CI, 0. 25-0. 47). This study highlights the burden of LTBI in Al-Madinah, and specific demographic and medical risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of personalized public health strategies and preventive measures for controlling LTBI progression in high-risk populations.

Concepts Keywords
December Interferon-gamma release assay
Diabetes Latent tuberculosis infection
Hospital
Nationals
Saudi

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH latent tuberculosis
drug DRUGBANK Gold
disease MESH tuberculosis
pathway KEGG Tuberculosis
disease MESH diabetes mellitus
pathway REACTOME Release
disease IDO assay

Original Article

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