Publication date: Apr 15, 2025
This case report presents a rare instance of concomitant splenic tuberculosis (TB), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and malaria in a 28-year-old pregnant woman at a McE9decins Sans FronticE8res-supported hospital in South Sudan. The patient was admitted with splenomegaly, anorexia, weakness, and transfusion-refractory anemia. She tested positive for malaria and was treated appropriately. Because of ongoing consumptive anemia, cachexia, and weakness severely impacting her quality of life, the patient underwent splenectomy. A diagnosis of TB was ultimately confirmed post-splenectomy through histopathological analysis and molecular testing. Gross findings from the pathologic analysis of a splenic sample revealed miliary deposits, necrotizing granulomas, and atypical lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with TB and EBV-associated leukemia/lymphoma. Despite temporary improvement post-operatively and the initiation of TB therapy, the patient discontinued treatment and was lost to follow-up, likely resulting in mortality. This report presents an unusual combination of concomitant pathologies that underscore the diagnostic challenges and complexity of managing overlapping infectious and hematological disorders in resource-limited settings.
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Leukemia | Barr |
| Molecular | Cell |
| Old | Concomitant |
| Pregnant | Epstein |
| Therapy | Leukemia |
| Lymphoma | |
| Old | |
| Patient | |
| Pregnant | |
| Related | |
| Splenic | |
| Tuberculosis | |
| Virus | |
| Year |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | Splenic Tuberculosis |
| disease | MESH | T-Cell Leukemia |
| disease | MESH | Lymphoma |
| disease | MESH | malaria |
| pathway | KEGG | Malaria |
| disease | MESH | splenomegaly |
| disease | MESH | anorexia |
| disease | MESH | refractory anemia |
| disease | MESH | anemia |
| disease | IDO | quality |
| disease | MESH | granulomas |
| disease | MESH | leukemia |
| disease | MESH | lost to follow-up |