Publication date: Jun 25, 2025
COVID-19 could increase susceptibility to future pulmonary infections. Given the sheer number of individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2, increased prevalence of future pulmonary infections could be a public health concern. We conducted a retrospective study to determine whether COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of future pneumonia. In an urban population in Montefiore Health System in the Bronx between 03/1/2020 and 01/31/2024, there were 64,376 patients with a prior history of COVID-19, 1. 2 million patients without (controls), and 8468 patients with influenza without COVID-19. Controls were propensity-matched. Multivariate Cox adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) accounting for confounders were calculated. Outcomes were also analyzed with respect to comorbidities, median incomes, insurance status, and unmet social needs. Hospitalized COVID-19 (aHR=3. 69, 95%CI[3. 29,4. 15]) and non-hospitalized COVID-19 (aHR=1. 40[1. 27,1. 55]) patients had higher risk of developing future pneumonia compared to controls. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients experienced more recurrent pneumonia episodes (2. 3 cases/patient, p
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Accounting | asthma |
| Bronx | chest computed tomography |
| Increased | health disparity |
| Pneumonia |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| pathway | REACTOME | SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| disease | MESH | pneumonia |
| disease | MESH | infection |
| disease | IDO | susceptibility |
| disease | IDO | history |
| disease | MESH | influenza |
| disease | MESH | Long Covid |
| disease | MESH | asthma |
| pathway | KEGG | Asthma |
| disease | MESH | health disparity |