Publication date: Nov 13, 2025
We saw encouraging within-group improvements in fatigue, sleep, and mood, although we did not observe statistically significant differences between people taking NR and those taking a placebo. This suggests that restoring the NAD+ system can restore multiple biological pathways implicated in long COVID including mitochondrial function, inflammation, and cellular repair. These findings suggest that restoring NAD+ remains a promising avenue for recovery and advancing our understanding of how to help individuals affected by long COVID. What is encouraging is that despite variability among patients, we observed consistent signals of improvement with elevation of NAD+ levels. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by these forward-looking statements. A vital coenzyme found in every cell of the human body, NAD+ declines with age and exposure to everyday lifestyle stressors.
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Diabetes | Bioscience |
| Efficient | Controlled |
| Scientists | Covid |
| Viral | Fatigue |
| Long | |
| Looking | |
| Nad+ | |
| Niagen | |
| Nicotinamide | |
| Placebo | |
| Randomized | |
| Sleep | |
| Statements | |
| Supplementation | |
| Symptoms |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | Long COVID |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Nadide |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Nonoxynol-9 |
| disease | MESH | depression |
| disease | MESH | sleep quality |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | MESH | infection |
| disease | MESH | breathlessness |
| disease | MESH | cognitive impairment |
| disease | MESH | brain fog |
| disease | MESH | anxiety |
| disease | MESH | mitochondrial dysfunction |
| disease | MESH | oxidative stress |
| pathway | REACTOME | Metabolism |
| disease | MESH | Cancer |
| disease | MESH | inflammation |
| disease | MESH | metabolic stress |
| disease | MESH | reinfection |
| disease | IDO | symptom |
| disease | IDO | role |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| disease | IDO | cell |
| disease | MESH | lifestyle |
| disease | IDO | quality |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Gold |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Tropicamide |
| pathway | REACTOME | Release |