Targeting caveolin-1: dual challenges in tumor immunity and drug therapy strategies.

ingentiumby ingentium

In Melanoma Literature.

Targeting caveolin-1: dual challenges in tumor immunity and drug therapy strategies.

Publication date: May 04, 2026

Tumor immunity is a crucial defense mechanism that suppresses tumor initiation and delays tumor progression. The interplay between tumor metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion is a putative determinant in the tumor progression. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a major biomarker of caveolae and is involved in cell signaling, lipid metabolic reprogramming, and antitumor immune responses. Cav-1 is widely expressed in immune cells and tumor cells, with frequent upregulation in breast cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioma, and melanoma. However, Cav-1 expression is context-dependent and varies across cancer subtypes, including gastric cancer. This review discusses the structure and functions of Cav-1, emphasizing its role in tumor-associated immune cells. We summarized Cav-1-mediated lipid metabolic reprogramming regulates antitumor immunity and highlighted challenges in developing Cav-1-targeting drugs. Notably, tumor cell metabolic reprogramming not only supports cancer cell progression but also drives immunosuppression via inhibitory cytokines like transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), fostering immune evasion and therapy resistance. While Cav-1 represents a potential biomarker and therapeutic target, its heterogeneous expression and context-specific functions necessitate further research to develop precise therapies. Future investigations into the mechanisms of Cav-1 in tumor immunity may pave the way for more effective cancer treatments.

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Concepts Keywords
Cancer Caveolin-1
Caveolin Immunity
Immunosuppression Lipid metabolic reprogramming
Liver Therapeutic strategies
Upregulation Tumor

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH tumor
disease MESH glioma
pathway KEGG Glioma
disease MESH melanoma
pathway KEGG Melanoma
disease MESH gastric cancer
pathway KEGG Gastric cancer
drug DRUGBANK Binetrakin
drug DRUGBANK Guanosine
drug DRUGBANK (S)-Des-Me-Ampa
pathway REACTOME Reproduction
disease MESH included
disease MESH breast cancer
pathway KEGG Breast cancer
disease MESH liver cancer
disease MESH lung cancer
disease MESH pancreatic cancer
pathway KEGG Pancreatic cancer
pathway REACTOME Immune System
drug DRUGBANK Isoxaflutole
drug DRUGBANK Cholesterol
pathway KEGG Endocytosis
pathway REACTOME Signal Transduction
pathway REACTOME Metabolism
drug DRUGBANK Rasagiline
drug DRUGBANK Imidacloprid
drug DRUGBANK Nitric Oxide
drug DRUGBANK Dextrose unspecified form
disease MESH metabolic diseases
disease MESH insulin resistance
pathway KEGG Insulin resistance
disease MESH atherosclerosis
drug DRUGBANK Snail unspecified
disease MESH metastasis
disease MESH ductal carcinoma
disease MESH prostate cancer
pathway KEGG Prostate cancer
drug DRUGBANK Calcium
pathway REACTOME Potassium Channels
drug DRUGBANK Tocotrienol
drug DRUGBANK Sirolimus
drug DRUGBANK Docetaxel
drug DRUGBANK Cyclophosphamide
drug DRUGBANK Estradiol
pathway REACTOME Autophagy
pathway REACTOME Apoptosis
pathway KEGG Lysosome
pathway REACTOME Glycolysis
drug DRUGBANK Oxygen
disease MESH lymph node metastasis
pathway REACTOME Methylation
pathway KEGG Hepatocellular carcinoma
disease MESH liver cirrhosis
disease MESH thrombus
drug DRUGBANK L-Tyrosine
disease MESH Leukemia
disease MESH primary brain tumor
pathway KEGG Tight junction
drug DRUGBANK Pidolic Acid
disease MESH PCa
disease MESH thyroid cancer
pathway KEGG Thyroid cancer
disease MESH HGF
disease MESH TAM
drug DRUGBANK BCG vaccine
disease MESH B cell lymphoma
disease MESH PTEN
disease MESH CSD
disease MESH LPS
disease MESH autoimmune diseases
drug DRUGBANK Cycloserine
disease MESH DCs
drug DRUGBANK Silicon dioxide
pathway REACTOME Digestion
pathway KEGG Oxidative phosphorylation
pathway KEGG Cholesterol metabolism
drug DRUGBANK Mevalonic acid
drug DRUGBANK Serine
drug DRUGBANK Levocarnitine
disease MESH MCD
disease MESH squamous carcinoma
disease MESH death
disease MESH high cholesterol levels
drug DRUGBANK Methotrexate
drug DRUGBANK Etoposide
drug DRUGBANK Trastuzumab emtansine
disease MESH DM1
drug DRUGBANK Metformin
drug DRUGBANK Paclitaxel
drug DRUGBANK Simvastatin
drug DRUGBANK Lovastatin
disease MESH shock
disease MESH hypoxia
drug DRUGBANK Cefalotin
disease MESH renal carcinoma
disease MESH colorectal cancer
pathway KEGG Colorectal cancer
pathway REACTOME TCR signaling
pathway REACTOME Integrin signaling
drug DRUGBANK Dinoprostone
disease MESH acute ischemic stroke
disease MESH cognitive dysfunction
pathway REACTOME Mitophagy
pathway KEGG Ferroptosis
disease MESH Gan
disease MESH hypertrophy
drug DRUGBANK Myricetin
disease MESH intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
disease MESH Park
drug DRUGBANK Immune Globulin Human
disease MESH Chai
disease MESH papillary carcinoma
drug DRUGBANK Acetylcysteine
disease MESH Hepatitis B
pathway KEGG Hepatitis B
pathway KEGG Focal adhesion
disease MESH AT1
disease MESH cardiac hypertrophy
disease MESH chronic myelogenous leukemia
disease MESH oligodendrogliomas
disease MESH Traumatic Brain Injury
drug DRUGBANK Tamoxifen
disease MESH Glioblastoma
drug DRUGBANK Troleandomycin
disease MESH lung adenocarcinoma
disease MESH Dis
drug DRUGBANK Methionine
disease MESH Rai
disease MESH Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
disease MESH inflammation
disease MESH obesity
disease MESH DSS
disease MESH colitis
disease MESH fibrosis
disease MESH myocardial infarction
disease MESH SLE
disease MESH Lymphomas
pathway KEGG mTOR signaling pathway
pathway REACTOME Invadopodia formation
disease MESH mitochondrial dysfunction
drug DRUGBANK Dacarbazine
drug DRUGBANK Calusterone
disease MESH CLS
drug DRUGBANK Folic Acid
drug DRUGBANK Sulfasalazine
drug DRUGBANK Carboxyamidotriazole
drug DRUGBANK Epirubicin
drug DRUGBANK Hyaluronic acid

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